Gum disease, or gingivitis, can cause significant inflammation, pain, and sensitivity, making everyday activities like eating and speaking challenging. Understanding the causes and potential consequences of gum disease is essential for preventing its development or catching it early before it leads to more severe problems.
What Causes Gingivitis?
The primary cause of gingivitis is plaque buildup, but several other factors can contribute to the condition:
- Illnesses: Diseases such as HIV, diabetes, and cancer can weaken the immune system, increasing the risk of gingivitis.
- Hormonal Changes: Pregnancy, menstruation, puberty, and menopause can alter hormone levels, making gums more vulnerable.
- Medications: Some medications, such as those affecting saliva production or promoting abnormal gum tissue growth, can harm oral health.
- Smoking: Tobacco use can impair gum healing and make it harder to recover from gum disease.
- Poor Dental Hygiene: Failing to brush and floss properly, or neglecting oral care, can lead to plaque buildup.
- Genetics: A family history of gum disease can increase your risk.
Symptoms of Gingivitis
Gingivitis can develop without obvious symptoms, even in its later stages. However, some warning signs may include:
- Bleeding, red, or swollen gums
- Chronic bad breath
- Receding gums
- Deep pockets between teeth and gums
- Loose or shifting teeth
- Changes in bite or how teeth fit together
Regular checkups are vital, as a dentist can detect symptoms even before you do.
Treatment for Gingivitis
The treatment approach depends on the stage of gum disease, your response to previous treatments, and your overall health. Treatments range from therapies to control bacterial growth to surgical procedures aimed at restoring gum tissue. In many cases, gingivitis can be managed with regular dental visits and good dental hygiene.
What Happens if Gingivitis Is Left Untreated?
If left untreated, gingivitis can progress to periodontitis, causing permanent damage to the gums and supporting structures. Advanced gum disease has also been linked to serious health issues like stroke, heart disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and complications of diabetes.
Do you live in Newport Beach or the surrounding area? Our team is ready to help you achieve your smile goals. Schedule your appointment today.
